Thousands of people are set to receive a State Pension back payment worth around £6,552, before the end of the year.
Around 12.6 million people get the State Pension and the majority of payments are correct, but some people – mostly women – have received less than they should from the Department for Work and Pensions – reports the Daily Record.
The DWP’s current estimate of the total amount of arrears due to be paid to people is £835 million, with some 678,000 cases to be reviewed. Some married women, people in a civil partnership, widows and those over 80 may have been underpaid because their current State Pension payment does not include additional entitlements.
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The DWP confirmed earlier this year it is ‘on track’ to complete the exercise by the end of this year for married women (category BL) and those over 80 (category D). The planned end date for the State Pension LEAP exercise is the end of 2024.
Reasons for State Pension underpayments
There are three broad categories of State Pension underpayments:
- cases covered by the State Pension Underpayments (LEAP) exercise
- Home Responsibilities Protection (HRP) cases where HRP has not been recorded accurately on National Insurance records
- Cases where National Insurance credits need to be updated for people who were claiming Universal Credit.
State Pension Underpayments LEAP exercise
The State Pension LEAP is the DWP’s largest underpayment correction exercise in progress. It has been established to identify where State Pension underpayments may have occurred in respect of the following groups of people:
- Category BL (Cat BL) – People who are married or in a civil partnership who reached State Pension age before April 6, 2016 and should be entitled to a Category BL uplift based on their partner’s National Insurance contributions.
- Missed conversions – People who have been widowed and their State Pension was not increased to include any amounts they are entitled to inherit from their late husband, wife or civil partner.
- Category D (Cat D) – People who reach age 80 and who are getting some Basic State Pension but less than the £85.00 (in 2022-23) and may therefore, subject to satisfying the appropriate residency conditions, be entitled to Cat D State Pension of £85.00 a week.
State Pension underpayment progress – March 2023
Payments made between January 2021 and March 2023 are listed below.
Married (Cat BL)
- Cases reviewed: 89,291
- Underpayments identified: 24,533
- Average arrears: £6,552
- Total amount repaid: £161million
Widowed (Cat B)
- Cases reviewed: 124,756
- Underpayments identified: 10,612
- Average arrears: £11,658
- Total amount repaid: £122million
Over 80 (Cat D)
- Cases reviewed: 49,303
- Underpayments identified: 15,424
- Average arrears: £2,644
- Total amount repaid: £41million
State Pension underpayments – Home Responsibilities Protection (HRP)
The DWP estimates it underpaid between £300 million and £1.5 billion of State Pension because of errors with the recording of HRP.
HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) recently announced it will start writing to thousands of older people this Autumn who may have been underpaid their State Pension due to missing information on their National Insurance (NI) record. The issue affects mostly women in their 60s and 70s who may have HRP missing from their NI record.
HRP was a scheme designed to help protect parents’ and carers’ entitlement to the State Pension and was replaced by NI credits from April 6, 2010. HMRC is using NI records to identify as many people as possible who might have been entitled to HRP between 1978 and 2010 and have no HRP on their NI record.
After May 2000, it became mandatory to include a NI number on claims so people claiming after this point will not have been affected. It is estimated tens of thousands of people are due an average of £5,000 in back payments.
Personal representatives are able to claim on behalf of deceased customers. For more information on eligibility and how to claim, visit the dedicated HRP page on GOV.UK here.
State Pension National Insurance Credits
Some people who received Universal Credit may not have had their National Insurance Credits correctly attributed to their National Insurance record held by HMRC which could affect their State Pension.
National Insurance records are maintained by HMRC based on information from employers through PAYE, Self-Assessment tax returns from the self-employed and information provided by DWP on benefit receipt where that creates a National Insurance credit.
Between 2017-18 and 2022-23 information about Universal Credit entitlements could not be processed by the National Insurance Recording System. National Insurance credits can affect the value of a State Pension award, so there was a risk some people who had claimed Universal Credit and subsequently reached State Pension age may have been underpaid.
During this period the DWP put in place a manual system with HMRC to update an individual’s National Insurance record where they felt they qualified for National Insurance credits in respect of time on Universal Credit.
With the issues now resolved between the DWP and HMRC systems, claims data relating to the affected years can now be successfully processed by HMRC. When these records are updated information will be sent to the DWP who will then correct any State Pension awards that are affected.
How to check if you are affected or make a claim
There are now 12.6 million people across Great Britain claiming State Pension. Of that overall total, 9.7 million are in receipt of the Basic State Pension and 2.9 million on the New State Pension.
The Basic State Pension is worth up to £156.20 each week and the New State Pension up to £203.85.
A phone call to the pension service is the quickest way to find out if you have been underpaid your State Pension. The best number to call is 0800 731 0469 but full contact details can be found on the Gov.uk website here.
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