Each mortgage application in France is considered on an individual basis, but there are some general guidelines that can help you determine right off the bat whether or not you are a serious candidate.
Your age
While there is not an official age limit, most French lenders will only lend until the oldest lender is 75. If you are over 70, taking out a French mortgage isn’t going to be an option. For over 60s, while it’s still possible, it does mean you will be limited by the term of the mortgage.
For example, a 65-year-old borrower could expect to be offered a maximum mortgage term of 10 years. This would naturally increase the monthly payments required to pay off the mortgage and accordingly, the minimum income requirements (more about that in a minute). You will likely be required to pay additional insurance premiums too, which needs to be factored into the cost.
Note that as of September 2021, no lenders are currently offering mortgages to American buyers over 55 years.
Your place of residence
Not being tax-resident in France is not necessarily a barrier to getting a French mortgage—many lenders are happy to consider non-resident applications. However, it does limit the Loan-to-Value (LTV) rate of your mortgage. 100% mortgages are only an option for French residents and the maximum LTV for non-residents depends on your country of residence.
For EU buyers and British buyers post-Brexit, the maximum is 85% (a 15% deposit), although a more likely scenario would be 75-80% (a 20-25% deposit). With mortgage lenders tightening conditions post-Covid, we recommend budgeting for a 25% deposit. For American, Australian, and other non-EU buyers, the maximum is 50% (a 50% deposit).
The price of the property you want to buy
There are two main factors here to consider. The amount you want to borrow and the amount you have to invest. The minimum amount that lenders will consider lending foreign buyers is €150,000 (remember that’s the minimum loan value, not the property price). For US buyers and other non-EU residents, this is more likely to be €250,000.
In effect, this means there is a minimum property price required for a foreign buyer to be able to qualify for a mortgage. It’s important therefore to carefully calculate and assess the LTV and total loan value against your property budget.
For a British buyer taking out the minimum mortgage loan of €150,000 at an LTV of 80%, this would mean a minimum property purchase of €180,000 (comprised of a €150,000 mortgage and a €30,000 deposit). It would not be possible to take out a mortgage on a €100,000 property (whereby the mortgage loan value would be €80,000). If you were looking at a more expensive property, the deposit would naturally be higher. For example, on a €500,000 property, the minimum deposit required would be €100,000.
For an American buyer, taking out the minimum mortgage loan of €250,000 at an LTV of 50%, this would mean a minimum property purchase of €500,000 (comprised of a €250,000 mortgage and a €250,000 deposit). It would not be possible to take out a mortgage on a €150,000 property (whereby the mortgage loan value would only be €90,000).
Your monthly income
While there is not a minimum income requirement per se, there are strict legal requirements in France that your financial liabilities—including any other mortgages, rental expenses, or other loans you have—must not total more than 35% of your household income before tax. This debt-to-income ratio is also accounted for in Euros, so you need to account for exchange rates too, which may or may not work in your favour.
To take a British buyer for example, for a minimum loan of €150,000, you would need a minimum annual income of around €25,000 with no other debts. If you already had a UK mortgage or rental payments, a car loan, and other small loans, you could quickly find that minimum becomes more like €40,000 or €50,000. These are very rough estimates too—don’t expect French lenders to be so lenient! Your mortgage application will need to be accompanied by detailed documentation of your entire financial situation including bank statements.
Your financial situation
Speaking of your financial situation, French lenders are notoriously risk-averse, so expect to have all of your income, assets, and debts scrutinised! In general, lenders prefer to see some degree of liquidity rather than all of your money tied up in assets.
The kind of income you receive and its sustainability are also taken into account. Income from a pension is eligible, but income from a Self-Invested Personal Pension (SIPP) or Small Self-Administered Scheme (SSAS) are counted as capital rather than income. Some rental income (especially if it is deemed unsustainable or you’ve been receiving it for less than 3 years) may not be counted either.
Self-employed borrowers or small-business owners need to be able to demonstrate a minimum of 3 years of revenue and be able to prove stability and sustainability of their income.
It’s also worth noting that post-Covid-19, lenders are becoming increasingly wary of lending to those who work in more vulnerable sectors (for example, the travel, leisure, aviation, and hospitality industries). This doesn’t necessarily mean a mortgage won’t be possible, but it may mean you need to provide additional reassurance as to your financial stability.
Your Property Choice
Finally, the property itself is also taken into account. Lenders are looking for low-risk properties, i.e. properties that would be easy to sell on in the event that you couldn’t pay your mortgage. Newer properties in popular real estate areas such as Paris, the Alps, or along the Côte d’Azur will be much more likely to have a mortgage approved over an old farmhouse in a remote rural area.
