The Scottish economy is expected to improve in 2024 after little growth over the course of 2023, according to the Fraser of Allander Institute at the University of Strathclyde.
The Institute’s quarterly Economic Commentary, which includes an assessment of all the latest key data on the UK and Scottish economies, is published today.
In the Deloitte-sponsored Economic Commentary, the Strathclyde researchers have set out their new forecasts for the Scottish Economy.
The economists are forecasting growth of 0.6% in 2024, 1.1% in 2025 and 1.2% in 2026. Whilst these forecasts are slightly weaker than previous forecasts, it still points to improving conditions in the economy over the course of this year.
The current data for 2023 is not yet complete, with Scottish GDP data available up to November 2023. The Institute expects that growth for the year as a whole is likely to end up at 0.2% – that is, there has been very little growth in the economy over 2023.
The wider assessment of business and consumer sentiment shows steady improvement as we move into 2024. While still weaker than pre-pandemic levels in general, this improvement is consistent with the cautious optimism displayed in these forecasts today.
Analysis in the Commentary this quarter includes a detailed look at the recovery from the shock of the pandemic of different sectors in the Scottish economy, highlighting a number of differentials between the performance of sectors in Scotland compared to the UK as a whole.
Professor Mairi Spowage, Director of the Institute, said: “Growth in 2023 has been hard to find, and we expect that the year as a whole will show very little growth. This is disappointing – although we should remember that we were expecting a year ago that we would fall into recession in 2023, which thankfully did not happen.
“Signs are more optimistic for 2024. As well as businesses and consumers indicating that they feel more positive, the Bank of England has also signalled that interest rates are likely to have peaked – raising the prospect of rate cuts over the course of the year.”
Angela Mitchell, Senior Partner for Scotland at Deloitte, said: “This quarter’s Economic Commentary paints a mixed picture of Scotland’s current economic position – although growth in 2023 was weak and near-term challenges remain, there are distinct reasons for cautious optimism. Deloitte’s latest Chief Financial Officers Survey found that the UK’s finance chiefs are starting the year in relatively positive spirits, with sentiment among them rising for a second consecutive quarter and running at well above average levels. Despite this, they remain focused on defensive strategies.
“Overall, a bolstered sense of confidence among both businesses and consumers has signalled a positive start to the year, and an anticipated fall in inflation and return to growth are very much within sight.”
In this quarter’s Commentary, the Institute also analyses the decisions that the Scottish Government took as it presented its Budget for the forthcoming financial year.
João Sousa, Deputy Director of the Institute, said: “The headline grabbing measure from the Scottish Budget were definitely the introduction of a new income tax band for those on incomes between £75,000 and 125,000. However, this raises around £74m – not insignificant, but small in the context of the Scottish Budget.
“Much more significant were the ‘non-decisions’. For example, the decision not to raise the higher rate threshold by inflation raises £300m for the Scottish Government.”
Angela Mitchell added: “December’s Scottish Budget saw the introduction of the advanced rate, and increase in the top rate of income tax, measures which are intended to raise tax revenue.
“However, it is difficult to predict individual taxpayer behaviour in response to these higher rates of personal tax: if individuals were to limit their taxable income by making additional pension contributions, that could ultimately reduce the benefit to the Budget.
“Some may seek to limit their working time if they perceive that their after-tax, take-home pay from an additional hour of work is insufficient. This could be translated into not working overtime, or adopting a reduced-hours working week, which could have a profound effect in reducing productivity and growth in the wider Scottish economy.”
Read the full commentary here.
Mairi is the Director of the Fraser of Allander Institute. Previously, she was the Deputy Chief Executive of the Scottish Fiscal Commission and the Head of National Accounts at the Scottish Government and has over a decade of experience working in different areas of statistics and analysis.
Hannah is an Associate at the Fraser of Allander Institute. She specialises in applied social policy analysis with a focus on income, poverty, and inequality.
João is Deputy Director and Senior Knowledge Exchange Fellow at the Fraser of Allander Institute. Previously, he was a Senior Fiscal Analyst at the Office for Budget Responsibility, where he led on analysis of long-term sustainability of the UK’s public finances and on the effect of economic developments and fiscal policy on the UK’s medium-term outlook.
Ben is an economist at the Fraser of Allander Institute working across a number of projects areas. He has a Masters in Economics from the University of Edinburgh, and a degree in Economics from the University of Strathclyde.
His main areas of focus are economic policy, social care and criminal justice in Scotland. Ben also co-edits the quarter Economic Commentary and has experience in business survey design and dissemination.
Ciara is an Associate Economist at the Fraser of Allander Institute.
Brodie is a Knowledge Exchange Assistant at the Fraser of Allander Institute. She has recently completed an MSc in Applied Economics at the University of Strathclyde and has a first-class Honour’s degree in Economics and Politics from the University of Glasgow
Jack is an economist at the Fraser of Allander Institute.
